Abstract

Case Report

Daub, Discolouration, Pigmentation-Solar Lentigo

Anubha Bajaj*

Published: 07 August, 2019 | Volume 3 - Issue 1 | Pages: 001-006

Solar lentigo is defined as an alteration in cutaneous pigment deposition on account of exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Solar lentigo is a benign, pigmented lesion with a characteristic increment in the quantification of pigmented keratinocytes. It can manifest as a dark brown spot on the skin.

The benign, pigmented spot or solar lentigo or multiple solar lentigines are preponderantly delineated in the sun exposed skin in a majority (> 90%) of Caucasians above 60 years of age although younger individuals and Asians can be implicated.

Solar lentigines are induced by repetitive exposure to ultraviolet light with constituent mutagenic potential. Ultraviolet radiation can induce a localized proliferation of melanocytes with a subsequent accumulation of melanin within the keratinocytes.

Individuals who are genetic carriers of one or two melanocortin-1- receptor (MC1R) gene or cogent variants demonstrate a 1.5 to twice the probability of developing solar lentigines [1,2].

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.adr.1001006 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

References

  1. Praetorius C, Sturm RA, Steingrimsson E. Sun induced freckling: ephelides and solar lentigines. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2014: 27; 339-50. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24517859
  2. Scarcella G, Dethlefsen MW, Nielsen MCE. Treatment of solar lentigines using a combination of picosecond laser and biphotonic treatment. Clin Case Rep. 2018: 6; 1868-1970. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30214780
  3. LaRosa CL, Foulke GT, Feigenbaum DF, Cordoro KM, Zaenglein AL. Lentigines in resolving psoriatic plaques: rarely reported sequelae in paediatric cases. Paediatr Dermatol 2015: 32; e114-e117. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25727728
  4. Schoenewolf NL, Hafner J, Dummer R, Bogdan Allemann I. Laser treatment of solar lentigines on dorsum of hands: QS ruby laser versus ablative CO2 laser fractional laser- a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Dermatol. 2015: 25; 122-126. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25788397
  5. Vachiramon V, Panmanee W, Techapichetvanich T, Chanprapaph K. Comparison of Q switched Nd: YAG laser and fractional carbon dioxide laser for treatment of solar lentigines in Asians. Laser Surg Med. 2016: 48; 354-359. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27096729
  6. Ezzedine K, Mauger E, Latreille J, Jdid R, Malvy D, Gruber F, et al. Freckles and solar lentigines have different risk factors in Caucasian women. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013: 27; e345-e356. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22924836
  7. Hafner C, Stoehr R, van Oers JM, Zwarthoff EC, Hofstaedter F, et al. FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations are involved in the molecular pathogenesis of solar lentigo. Br J Dermatol. 2009: 160; 546-551. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19076977     
  8. Horvath A, Stratakis CA. Carney complex and lentiginosis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2009; 22: 580-587. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136757/
  9. Kovacs D, Cardinali G, Aspite N, Cota C, Luzi F, et al. Role of fibroblast derived growth factors in regulating hyperpigmentation of solar lentigo. Br J Dermatol. 2010: 163; 1020-1027. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20662835         
  10. Praetorius C, Grill C, Stacey SN, Metcalf AM, Gorkin DU, et al. A polymorphism in IRF4 affects human pigmentation through tyrosine dependent MITF/TFAP2A pathway. Cell. 2013; 155: 1022-1033. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24267888
  11. Yamada T, Hasegawa S, Inoue Y, Date Y, Arima M, et al. Comprehensive analysis of melanogenesis and proliferation potential of melanocyte lineage in solar lentigines. J Dermatol Sci. 2014; 73: 251-257. PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24314758

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